基于景观指数的细碎化对耕地生产效率影响研究

研究细碎化对耕地生产规模效益和技术效率影响，以对农地政策制定提供一定依据。综合考虑地块面积、形状和分布因素，用景观指数量化耕地细碎化水平，把细碎化变量代入C D生产函数，研究细碎化对耕地生产规模效益影响，用SFA方法测度耕地生产技术效率，用多元线性回归研究细碎化对耕地生产技术效率影响。结果表明：表征细碎化的第一主成分和地块平均面积、地块密度、面积加权形状指数和面积加权分维数载荷值大于88%，第二主成分和边界密度指数载荷值大于91%；在C D生产函数中代入细碎化变量后所有单元规模弹性下降；表征细碎化的第一主成分和第二主成分对耕地生产技术效率影响系数分别是-0077、-0.011，且通过显著性检验。研究结论认为基于景观指数的细碎化对耕地生产规模效益和技术效率有显著负影响；应从农地市场培育和农地整理两方面减轻细碎化程度，提高耕地生产规模效益和技术效率

STUDY ON IMPACTS OF LANDSCAPE FRAGMENTATION TO CULTIVATED LAND PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY

The paper researched the impacts of fragmentation on the scale benefit and technical efficiency of cultivated land production to provide basis for agricultural policy.This research analyzed the effects of fragmentation on agricultural productivity from meso scale,considering the area,shape and distribution factors synthetically,used landscape indices to quantify the level of cultivated land fragmentation,and added fragmentation variables into C D production function to study the effects of fragmentation to scale benefit.The SFA method was applied to measure the technical efficiency,and then used multiple linear regressions to study the effects of fragmentation on technical efficiency of cultivated land production.The results indicated that the correlation coefficients between the first principal component and the average land area,land density,area weighted shape index and area weighted fractal dimension were all more than 88%.The second principal component and the edge density index were more than 91%.All the units had scale elasticity of cultivated land productivity,which decreased after adding fragmentation variables into C D production function.The influence coefficient between the first and the second principal component to the technical efficiency of cultivated land productivity were -0077 and -0011,respectively.It is concluded that the landscape fragmentation had significant negative impacts on scale benefit and technical efficiency of cultivated land productivity,and agricultural land market and agricultural land consolidation were two main methods to reduce the level of the cultivated land fragmentation