中国城乡居民消费隐含的碳排放对比分析

可持续消费研究是产业生态学的重要内容.居民消费包括城镇居民消费和农村居民消费.本研究首先采用综合生命周期分析方法(Hybrid LCA)核算 1997、2002和2007三年的居民消费隐含的二氧化碳排放总量,发现2007年的碳排放量已经达到18.01亿吨.城镇居民消费已经成为居民消费的主要组成部分,到2007年城镇居民消费的碳排放量达到总量的76.44%.采用结构分解分析(SDA)方法对影响居民消费碳排放量变化的五项驱动因素进行分析,发现排放强度因子是"减缓"居民消费碳排放量增加的主要力量,而人均消费水平因子是推动碳排放量迅速增加的主要因素.同时,发现居民消费结构的变迁对碳排量的增加有一定促进作用.在未来应该通过持续降低能耗强度和加快研发低碳能源技术,来持续降低碳排放强度.另外,要充分挖掘居民生活方式和消费行为的减排潜力,引导消费结构,提倡适度消费,促进居民消费模式向低碳方向转变.

Comparison and Analysis of Carbon Emissions Embodied in Household Consumption Between Urban and Rural Area of China

Research on sustainable consumption is an important part of industrial ecology.Household consumption consists of urban and rural household consumption.This paper studies carbon dioxide emissions,which were embodied in household consumption in the years of 1997,2002 and 2007,using the method of hybrid LCA.The result shows that the carbon emission in 2007 reached 1.80 billion tons.By 2007,urban household consumption had become the major component of household consumption,which accounted for 76.44% of the tota...