臭氧催化氧化-BAF深度处理抗生素废水效能及微生物群落结构分析

采用臭氧催化氧化-曝气生物滤池（BAF）组合工艺对抗生素废水二级生化处理出水进行深度处理,考察了组合工艺对废水污染物的去除效果,通过三维荧光光谱结合平行因子法（EEMs-PARAFAC）分析了废水中有机物的荧光变化特征,并利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对BAF中微生物菌群结构的变化进行研究.结果表明,在最佳运行条件下,抗生素废水COD平均值由232 mg·L^-1降至46 mg·L^-1,NH₄⁺-N平均浓度由12 mg·L^-1降至4.1 mg·L^-1,出水水质可稳定达到《发酵类制药工业水污染物排放标准》（GB21903-2008）.EEMs-PARAFAC从废水中解析出3类荧光组分,主要可归为腐殖酸（胡敏酸）、富里酸及其混合物,经组合工艺处理后荧光强度大幅下降甚至消失.Illumina MiSeq测序显示,污泥经抗生素废水驯化后微生物丰富度和均匀度明显降低,Proteobacteria（变形杆菌门）、Chloroflexi（绿屈挠菌门）和Firmicutes（厚壁菌门）是优势菌门,其中,Thiothrix（发硫菌属）、Thermomonas、Pseudoxanthomonas（假黄单胞菌属）和JG30_KF_CM45是降解抗生素类污染物的主要菌属.

Advanced treatment of antibiotic wastewater by catalytic ozonation combined with BAF process and an analysis of the bacterial community structures

The catalytic ozonation combined with biological aerated filter (BAF) process was applied to treat the secondary effluent of an antibiotic wastewater treatment plant.The pollutant removal efficiency of the combined process was investigated under its optimum operational conditions.The fluorescence characteristics of organic compounds in the secondary effluent were analyzed with three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum combined with parallel factor analysis (EEMs-PARAFAC).Bacterial community structure under different operation conditions in the BAF was analyzed using Illumina MiSeq sequencing technique.The results showed that under the optimal conditions, the COD concentration in the secondary effluent was reduced from 232 mg·L^-1 to 46 mg·L^-1, and the NH₄⁺-N concentration decreased from 12 mg·L^-1 to 4.1 mg·L^-1.The effluent quality could meet the "Emission Standards of Water Pollutants for Fermentation Pharmaceutical Industry" (GB21903-2008).Three types of fluorescent components were identified from the secondary effluent by EEMs-PARAFAC, which could be classified into humic acid, fulvic acid and their mixture.The fluorescence intensity of those fluorescent components dropped or even vanished after the advanced treatment by the combined process.Illumina MiSeq analysis show that the bacterial community richness and evenness are significantly reduced after the acclimatization to the actual secondary effluent.Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidetes are dominated phyla.Thiothrix, Thermomonas, Pseudoxanthomonas and JG30_KF_CM45 have a positive correlation with the degradation of antibiotic pollutants.