氟对斑马鱼生殖毒性研究

为了探讨氟对鱼类的生殖毒性效应，以成年斑马鱼为试验对象，氟化钠暴露45 d和90 d后，运用组织切片观察斑马鱼性腺组织的发育情况，采用酶联免疫分析法测定性腺中雌二醇（Estradiol，E2）、卵黄蛋白原（Vitellogenin，VTG）和睾酮（Testosterone，T）的含量，并使用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测斑马鱼生殖相关基因的表达水平.结果显示：氟暴露会阻滞成年斑马鱼性腺发育，造成卵泡发育不良，精巢生精能力下降；同时降低雌性斑马鱼性腺中E2和VTG的含量，增加T的含量；雌性斑马鱼孕酮受体（Prg）和糖皮质激素受体（GR）基因相对表达量随氟浓度的增加呈先降后升的趋势，随着染毒剂量与时间的增加，雄激素受体（AR）基因相对表达量逐渐增加，而CYP19a基因相对表达量逐渐减少.雄性斑马鱼性腺中E2、VTG、T的含量及生殖相关基因表达的变化趋势则与雌性斑马鱼相反.综上所述，氟暴露可以通过影响斑马鱼体内性腺发育、E2、VTG、T含量及生殖相关基因表达来影响其生殖功能.实验结果可为进一步研究氟化物对水生动物的生殖毒性效应提供理论依据.

Study on reproductive toxicity by fluoride in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

In order to investigate the reproductive toxicity of fluoride to fish, the adult zebrafish was used as the test animals. After exposure to sodium fluoride for 45 and 90 days, we measured the gonad microstructure by histological method, the levels of E2, VTG and T in plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the expressions of endocrine-related mRNA by Quantitative Real-time PCR. The results showed that sodium fluoride retarded the development of gonads in adult zebrafish and caused follicular dysplasia and reduced spermatogenic ability of testis. Fluoride exposure reduced the contents of E2 and VTG and increased the T level in female zebrafish. The relative expressions of Prg and GR in female zebrafish were decreased first and then elevated with the increase of fluoride concentration. With the increase of dose and time of fluoride exposure, the AR expression gradually increased with, while the CYP19a level was decreased gradually. However, the contents of E2, VTG and T in male fish and the expressions of gonad-related genes were completely opposite to those in female zebrafish. In summary, fluoride can affect the reproductive function of zebrafish by affecting gonad development, the levels of reproductive-related hormones and the expressions of reproductive-related genes in zebrafish, which can provide theoretical basis for further study on the reproductive toxicity of fluoride to aquatic animals.