Evaluating the Environmental Performance of Urban Parks in Mediterranean Cities: An Example from the Barcelona Metropolitan Region |
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Authors: | Marc Parés-Franzi David Saurí-Pujol Elena Domene |
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Institution: | (1) Departament de Geografia, Facultat de Lletres, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;(2) Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònom de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain |
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Abstract: | In a context of increasing urban sprawl and water scarcity common to other Mediterranean cities, this article focuses on the
urban parks in the Region of Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) to examine how these parks are distributed in this region and to
assess whether their design and management follow criteria adapted to Mediterranean environmental conditions, especially in
what concerns water use. In order to evaluate the environmental performance of these parks, we selected four factors possibly
influencing the adoption of park management practices at the local scale: urban density, population size of the municipality,
municipal income per capita, and political orientation of the city council. After determining the location and area of urban
parks in the region, we correlated these four explanatory factors with several management tasks extracted from two different
samples of parks (one of 315 parks and another of 125 parks) and a survey of 86 city councils. Results show that, in general,
urban parks were more frequent in large, dense, and left/green municipalities but that environmentally sound practices were
more common in small and low-density municipalities. We conclude that changes in certain practices (especially the substitution
of high water demanding species) could improve significantly the environmental performance of public spaces in large urban
areas with Mediterranean climates. Our observations may be pertinent for other cities interested in the provision of environmental
public goods such as parks that necessitate water for irrigation. |
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Keywords: | Urban parks Environmental practices Water Mediterranean cities Barcelona |
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