基于日平均养殖量的畜禽养殖排污系数法的改进

传统的畜禽养殖排污系数污染负荷计算方法受养殖规模浮动影响,计算结果精度不高,只能计算整年污染负荷且无法计算某时段污染负荷。在分析传统畜禽产污系数法缺陷的基础上,探讨了日平均养殖量取代年养殖量的计算模式。依据不同类型畜禽养殖的周期特点,提出了各种类型畜禽养殖排污系数污染负荷计算公式和方法。最后,利用2008—2009年天津市宁河县生猪养殖污染负荷计算实例,对比分析了两种计算方法。结果表明,基于日平均养殖量的产污系数计算方法可以有效地减少由于养殖规模波动造成的计算误差,同时还适用于年内某时段污染负荷的计算,克服了传统方法只能以年为计算基本单元的弊端。

Improved Discharge Coefficient Method for Calculating Livestock and Poultry Pollution Based on A Daily Average Breeding Amount

The traditional discharge coefficient method for calculating livestock and poultry breeding pollution load had some disadvantages,including the low accuracy caused by float of breeding scale,having no access to calculate pollution load within a period of time.A new calculation mode with daily average breeding amount substituting for that of annual breeding amount was discussed in this paper.Different methods for calculating livestock and poultry pollution load were proposed according to the various breeding cycles.The two methods,daily average breeding amount method and the traditional method,were compared with each other in a case study.The pollution load caused by pig breeding of 2008—2009 in Ninghe County,Tianjin was calculated with the methods.The results showed that the discharge coefficient method with daily average breeding amount effectively reduced calculation error caused by the changes of breeding scale.Besides,the new method can be used to calculate pollution load in a period of time within a year,but the traditional one could not.