矿区废弃地重金属的植物修复技术研究进展

文章从矿区废弃地重金属污染土壤的现状及其对环境的影响入手,综述了植物修复技术用于矿区重金属污染修复与治理的机理、超富集植物筛选研究进展,提出实际应用中超富集植物的筛选原则:植物体内重金属的临界含量高低、植株的生物量大小、叶绿素含量的高低及根系转运能力的大小。指出了植物修复在投资、建设、运行管理及其环境效应方面的优势性与耐受植物种类及修复速率等方面存在的局限性。最后,展望了植物修复在矿区废弃地重金属污染修复中的研究与应用前景。

Progress of Phytoremediation Technology of Heavy Metal in Mining Waste Land

This article discusses the current situation of heavy metal polluted soil in mining waste land and its impacts on the environment.It also summarizes the mechanism that makes phytoremediation technology an effective way to remediate heavy metal contaminated soils and presents the present level of screening hyperaccumulators.The screening principles of hyperaccumulators in practical application are put forward,first,content of heavy metal in the plant;second,biomass of the plant;third,chlorophyll content and also the transfer ability of the root.The advantage of hyperaccumulator in repairing heavy metal polluted soils and their superiorities in investigation,construction and operations management were studied,although it has some limitations in tolerant plants and repairing velocity.Finally,this paper forecasts the application prospect of phytoremediation in repairing the heavy metal polluted mining waste land.