同步去除并富集磷酸盐生物膜驯化过程中微生物种群分析

本实验以同步去除并回收高浓度磷酸盐溶液为目标,开展了以挂式尼龙为生物载体的生物膜驯化培养聚磷菌的人工配水实验研究.通过扫描电镜(SEM)和Illumina MiSeq高通量测序分析技术研究了生物膜驯化过程中生物膜内菌群形态、优势菌及物种多样性变化并验证了短时间内在该常规生物膜上回收高浓度磷酸盐的可行性.反应器运行10 d后挂膜成功,COD出水50 mg·L~(-1)以下,出水磷浓度接近于零,磷去除率95%以上,并在该水平上稳定运行40 d.SEM结果显示50 d时微生物菌落均匀饱满,外形规则,轮廓清晰,成球状.MiSeq高通量测序发现优势菌门包括变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、Ignavibacteriae门、硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospirae).其中变形菌门从47%增长至58%,占主导地位.而优势聚磷菌为Rhodocyclaceae,从17.9%增长至28.9%.回收阶段,通过提高进水磷酸盐浓度和厌氧阶段溶液中COD浓度,富磷溶液浓度从40 mg·L~(-1)升高到82 mg·L~(-1),在生物膜上实现磷酸盐的富集,并且浓度满足鸟粪石法磷回收的要求.

Microbial Population Dynamics During Domestication and Cultivation of Biofilm to Remove and Enrich Phosphate

The purpose of this study was to develop a method to remove and recover high concentration phosphate solutions from wastewater. An experiment was carried out to cultivate and enrich phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) in the biofilm with nylon as the biological carrier using artificial water distribution. Microflora morphology, species diversity, and the genetic relationship of biofilm during the process of biofilm domestication were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. In addition, the feasibility of recycling a high concentration of phosphate in the conventional biofilm within a short time was validated. The membrane was hung in the biological carrier when the reactor was operated for 10 d. After the hanging of the film succeeded, the effluent COD was below 50 mg·L^-1, the effluent phosphorus was close to zero, and the removal efficiency of phosphorus reached to above 95%. The operation was stable at this level for 40 d. The results from the SEM indicated that the microbial morphology in the biofilm was uniform with full oval-shaped spheres with a clear profile. MiSeq high-throughput sequencing indicated that the dominant phylum in the reactor included Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Ignavibacteriae, and Nitrospirae. Proteobacteria, as the dominant genera, increased from 47% to 58%. Rhodocyclaceae, as the dominant phosphorus accumulating bacteria, increased from 17.9% to 28.9%. During the recovery period, the concentration of the phosphorus solution increased from 40mg·L^-1 to 82 mg·L^-1 by increasing the influent phosphate concentration and the COD concentration in the anaerobic phase, meeting the requirement of phosphorus recovery with the struvite method.