有机溶剂使用企业挥发性恶臭有机物排放特征及特征物质识别

为研究有机溶剂使用企业挥发性恶臭有机物排放特征以及识别各企业恶臭特征物质,测定了南方某工业区内典型溶剂使用企业挥发性恶臭有机物(VOCs)的排放成分.结果表明,不同企业间物质组成存在一定的差异,同一企业不同工艺流程物质组成也存在一定差异,汽车制造企业:面漆喷涂车间排气筒醇类(21.87%)和酯类(21.62%)是重要的VOCs排放种类;面涂烘干车间芳香烃(41.14%)排放比例最高.电子元件生产企业:喷涂排气筒酯类(67.99%)是重要的VOC排放种类.涂料生产企业:两家涂料企业酯类物质排放比例均是最高,但1号涂料企业芳香烃(24.37%)排放比例较高,2号涂料企业酮类(18.88%)排放比例较高.印刷企业主要是醇类物质(99.32%).制冷设备生产企业:烷烃排放比例最高(83.01%).结合物质浓度和阈稀释倍数,初步识别酯类(乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸异丁酯)、芳香烃(甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯)、醇酮类(乙醇、甲基异丁酮、2-丁酮)为有机溶剂使用企业恶臭特征物质.

Emission Characteristics and Characteristic Substance Identification of Volatile Odorous Organic Compounds in Industries Using Organic Solvents

To study the emission characteristics of volatile organic malodorous compounds and identify the characteristic substances of associated industries, the components of VOCs of typical industries were detected and analyzed in an industrial area of south China. The results showed that there are certain differences in the material composition among different companies, and there are also certain differences in the composition of different processes in the same company. For the automobile manufacturing industry, alcohols and esters were the main substances in the spraying workshop, accounting for 21.87% and 21.62%, respectively, and aromatic hydrocarbons were the typical substances in the drying workshop, accounting for 41.14%. Concerning the electronic components industry, esters were the main substances, accounting for 67.99% in the spraying and coating workshop. Regarding the coating production industry, esters were the main substances in the two paint companies, but the emission ratio of aromatic hydrocarbons was the second highest in one company and the emission ratio of ketone was the second highest in the other company. For the printing industry, alcohols were the characteristic substances, accounting for 99.32%. Concerning the refrigeration industry, alkanes were the most abundant compounds, accounting for 83.01%. Esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and isobutyl acetate), aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, ethylbenzene, and styrene), and alcohol ketones (ethanol, methyl isobutyone, and 2-butanone) were preliminarily identified as characteristic malodorous compounds of the industries using organic solvents.