养耕共生系统中含氮污染物的去除特性

为了研究养耕共生系统对循环养殖水质的控制效果，尤其是对含氮污染物的去除效果，在实验大棚内搭建了养耕共生系统，考察了循环系统90 d运行过程中的水质状况及鱼菜生长状况。在此基础上，通过静态运行实验分别考察了水耕栽培单元（平板种植架和管廊种植架）和固定化微生物单元（包埋硝化菌和弹性填料）对含氮污染物的净化效果。结果表明：循环运行实验中，高、低密度养殖池中TAN和NO2-N均保持在安全浓度以下，鱼类和蔬菜生长良好且有明显生物量增长；静态实验中，2种水耕栽培单元内TAN、NO2-N和NO3-N浓度随反应时间下降，且与时间呈线性关系，空心菜对NO3-N的净化速率最快，TAN其次, NO2-N最慢；2种固定化微生物单元对TAN和NO2-N的去除符合一级反应动力学特征，低浓度下降解能力显著；水耕栽培单元对循环养殖水中含氮污染物均有明显的去除作用，平板种植架对TAN、NO2-N、NO3-N和TN的24 h去除率分别为71.41%、45.72%、21.93%和23.14%，管廊种植架对上述指标的24 h去除率分别为43.54%、38.23%、19.12%和20.01%；固定化包埋微生物单元对TAN和NO2-N有明显的去除作用，包埋硝化菌对TAN和NO2-N的24 h去除率分别为65.51%和43.42%，弹性填料对上述指标的24 h去除率分别为7.53%和8.14%。

Nitrogen pollutants removal characteristics in aquaponic system

In order to investigate the water controlling effect of aquaponic system, especially the removal or nitrogen pollutants in aquaculture water, aquaponic system was constructed in experimental greenhouse and operated for 90 days. The water quality, fish and plants growth were investigated. The static tests were carried out to investigate the performance of nitrogen removal by hydroponics unit and immobilized biofilm unit. It concluded that the concentration of TAN and NO2-N in aquaponic system met the water quality for the fish. The good productivity for both fish and vegetable was achieved. The static test showed that the concentration of TAN, NO2-N and NO3-N in hydroponics units decreased linearly with reaction time, being with the highest removal rate of NO3-N followed by TAN and then NO2-N. The removal efficiency of TAN, NO2-N, NO3-N and TN in hydroponics of media filled unit were 71.41%, 45.72%, 21.93% and 23.14%, and those in hydroponics of nutrient film technique unit were 43.54%, 38.23%, 19.12% and 20.01%. While in immobilized biolfilm unit, the removal ability for TAN and NO2-N under low concentration was observed, removal performance followed first-order kinetics equation. The removal efficiency of TAN and NO2-N for immobilized biofilm unit of mass bio-system (MBS) was 65.51% and 43.42%, and those for immobilized biofilm unit of fibrebiofilter were 7.53% and 8.14% respectively.