石墨烯复合改性海绵的制备及其吸油性能

将三聚氰胺海绵（MF）浸入氧化石墨烯（GO）悬浮液，经微波溶剂热还原反应后，用聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）进一步修饰，得到超疏水亲油的石墨烯复合改性吸油海绵（rGO-PDMS-MF）。优化了GO和PDMS改性试剂的浓度，通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）及接触角（CA）测定仪对海绵结构和性质进行了表征，测试了海绵的饱和吸油性能、重复使用性能及油水分离性能。结果表明：GO悬浮液和PDMS溶液最适浓度分别为2.0 g·L-1和1.0%（质量分数）；所得海绵的接触角达151.5°，饱和吸油能力达45~110 g·g-1，可通过吸附-挤压方式重复使用10次以上；rGO-PDMS-MF海绵对油水体系具有良好的选择性，与泵装置结合后可以连续有效地将油从水面分离，再生使用后仍保持较高的浮油回收速率和较强的疏水性能。

Preparation and oil absorption properties of graphene composite modified sponge

The melamine sponge (MF) was immersed into graphene oxide (GO) suspension and modified further by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) after a microwave solvothermal reduction to prepare the superhydrophobic and lipophilic graphene composite modified sponge (rGO-PDMS-MF). The concentration of the GO and PDMS modified reagents were optimized, the structure and property of the sponge were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and contact-angle (CA) meter. The saturated absorption capacity, recyclability and oil/water separation capability of the rGO-PDMS-MF sponge were also tested. The results indicated that the optimum concentrations of the GO suspension and PDMS solution were 2.0 g·L-1 and 1.0% (mass fraction), respectively. The contact angle of the fabricated sponge was 151.5°, the saturated absorption capacity of the oils was ranged from 45 to 110 g·g-1, and it could be reused more than 10 times via absorption/squeezing processes. The rGO-PDMS-MF sponge possessed a good selectivity of the oil-water system, remarkably, the pumping device based on the sponge could collect the oil from a water surface in an efficient and continuous way, and the sponge still remained a high oil recovery rate and a strong hydrophobic property.