聚酰肼接枝改性活性炭除甲醛材料的制备及其影响因素

为解决甲醛污染问题，开展了多胺高分子接枝活性炭环境材料制备研究.采用质量比为1:1的硫酸和硝酸的混合液对活性炭表面改性，再以DCC（N，N-二环己基碳二亚胺）为胺化反应的缩水剂，通过PAH（聚酰肼）和活性炭缩聚反应制备了除甲醛材料ACm-g-PAH（聚酰肼接枝改性活性炭），通过单因素试验探讨了影响ACm-g-PAH除甲醛的因素，再由正交试验得出ACm-g-PAH制备的最佳工艺为活化温度为90℃，w（DCC）为2.0%，c（PAH）为12 mmol/L.结果表明:在温度为10~50℃与相对湿度为45%~85%区间内，温度和相对湿度对甲醛去除率影响并不明显.吸附甲醛的ACm-g-PAH经弱酸还原再生技术处理后，再生5次的ACm-g-PAH对甲醛的去除率仍能达到初生材料的89.2%.FTIR（红外光谱）证明了在DCC存在下，聚酰肼高分子PAH与ACm（改性活性炭）表面羧基缩聚反应的事实.随着c（PAH）的增加，SEM（扫描电镜）显示活性炭孔内的PAH呈堆积的现象；TG（热重分析）图谱的测试结果表明，ACm-g-PAH的降解温度在330~420℃之间.研究显示，ACm-g-PAH对甲醛的去除率最高为99.4%. 

Preparation and Influence Factor of Polyhydrazide Grafted Modified Activated Carbon for Removing Formaldehyde

In view of formaldehyde pollution, the preparation of environmental material from polyamine polymer grafted activated carbon was investigated. The activated carbon was first modified with the mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid (mass ratio 1:1), and then ACm-g-PAH was prepared by polycondensation reaction of polyhydrazide (PAH) with activated carbon in the presence of N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC). The optimum preparation of ACm-g-PAH were obtained through orthogonal experiment with activation temperature of 90℃, DCC concentration of 2.0% (wt) and PAH concentration of 12 mmol/L. The experimental results showed that the effect of temperature and humidity on removing formaldehyde rate of ACm-g-PAH was not significant within the range of temperature of 10-50℃ and RH of 45%-85%. The ACm-g-PAH after regeneration of 5 times reached the removing formaldehyde rate of 89.2%. The FTIR spectrum demonstrated that the PAH molecules were successfully grafted onto carboxyl group of ACm in the presence of DCC, and the pore volume and specific surface area of ACm-g-PAH were investigated by adsorption and desorption curves. SEM images showed that PAH molecules were deposited on the surface of pores of ACm-g-PAH. The results of TG demonstrated that the degradation temperature of ACm-g-PAH was at 330 to 420℃. Studies have shown that the removing formaldehyde rate of ACm-g-PAH is up to 99.4%.