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污水生物处理中抗生素的去除机制及影响因素
引用本文:张翔宇,李茹莹,季民. 污水生物处理中抗生素的去除机制及影响因素[J]. 环境科学, 2018, 39(11): 5276-5288
作者姓名:张翔宇  李茹莹  季民
作者单位:天津大学环境科学与工程学院;Research;江苏农牧科技职业学院;;内蒙古联邦动保药品有限公...;上海交通大学药学院;;重庆市生态环境监测中心重...;河北飞龙家禽育种有限公司...;山东省沂南县张庄镇兽医站...;天津大学环境科学与工程学...;山西大同大学附属医院;;乐清市第二人民医院;
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(21407113)
摘    要:环境中的抗生素污染日益严重,其诱导产生的抗生素抗性成为人类健康的重大威胁.通过对世界多地污水处理厂进、出水中抗生素浓度水平的文献调研汇总,发现当前的污水处理工艺不能实现抗生素的有效去除.吸附和生物降解是污水中抗生素的主要去除途径,因此本文深入地分析了吸附的作用机制和不同种类抗生素吸附程度的差异;从生物降解性能、降解菌和降解产物等方面分析抗生素在污水生物处理过程中的生物降解作用;分析讨论了水力停留时间、污泥停留时间、温度和工艺选型(传统活性污泥法、膜生物反应器和生物脱氮工艺)等污水生物处理工艺的运行条件对吸附和生物降解途径的影响,进而解析对抗生素去除效果的影响.菌群组成、生长基质供应情况和微污染物共存情况等因素对污水生物处理中抗生素迁移转化的影响需要更深入地研究.

关 键 词:抗生素  生物降解  吸附  污水生物处理  污泥停留时间
收稿时间:2018-03-21
修稿时间:2018-05-14

Mechanisms and Influencing Factors of Antibiotic Removal in Sewage Biological Treatment
ZHANG Xiang-yu,LI Ru-ying and JI Min. Mechanisms and Influencing Factors of Antibiotic Removal in Sewage Biological Treatment[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Science, 2018, 39(11): 5276-5288
Authors:ZHANG Xiang-yu  LI Ru-ying  JI Min
Affiliation:School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China,School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China and School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
Abstract:Antibiotic pollution in the environment is becoming increasingly serious, and the induced antibiotic resistance has become a major threat to human health. A literature review of the antibiotic concentration in the influent and effluent of many sewage treatment plants around the world has shown that current sewage treatment processes do not effectively remove antibiotics. Studies have shown that adsorption and biodegradation are the main ways of removing antibiotics from sewage. The mechanisms of adsorption and the different adsorption extents of diverse antibiotics were analyzed in this paper. Biodegradation of antibiotics in a biological sewage treatment process were analyzed in terms of biodegradability, degrading bacteria, and degradation products. The effects of the operation conditions of biological sewage treatment processes, such as hydraulic retention time, sludge retention time, temperature, and process selection (conventional activated sludge, membrane bioreactor, or biological nitrogen removal processes), on adsorption and biodegradation pathways as well as on the removal efficiency of antibiotics are also discussed. The effects of bacterial composition, growth substrate, and coexisting micro-pollutants on the fate of antibiotics in biological wastewater treatment require more in-depth research.
Keywords:antibiotics  biodegradation  adsorption  biological sewage treatment  sludge retention time
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