The role of wind and emulsification in modelling oil spill and surface drifter trajectories |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China;2. College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;3. Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China;4. SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;5. School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;1. Ocean Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA;2. RPS ASA, South Kingstown, RI 02879, USA;3. PureLine Treatment Systems, Chicago, IL 60106, USA;1. Marine Animal Ecology group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. Dept. Maritime, Marine, Environment & Safety, NHL University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 1080, 8900 CB Leeuwarden, The Netherlands;3. Environmental Technology sub-department, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Laboratory and field data suggest that the movement of spilled oil at sea is in general a three-dimensional phenomenon in physical space, whereas trajectories of undrogued surface drifters are more susceptible to two-dimensional analysis. These conclusions are consistent with the intermittent failure of two-dimensional surface models to simulate the trajectories of spilled oil, although such models may be more successful with data from surface drifters. A physical explanation is presented, and a model that incorporates the key portions of the governing processes is described and tested against data from experimental oil spills at sea. Observations suggest that emulsified surface oil will drift down wind at speeds in excess of 3% of the windspeed. When surface turbulence drives oil subsurface for a significant fraction of time, however, net transport speeds are considerably less and significantly to the right of the wind in the northern hemisphere. |
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