High occurrences of brominated lipid fatty acids in boreal sponges of the order Halichondrida |
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Authors: | Martin Blumenberg Walter Michaelis |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Biogeochemistry and Marine Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany |
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Abstract: | Sponges of warm- and temperate- but also cold-waters are known to synthesize structurally diverse primary and secondary metabolites.
These compounds fulfill a variety of functions including adaptations of the cell membranes to environmental conditions. We
show here that boreal sponges of the order Halichondrida are rich sources of brominated lipid fatty acids. The comparison
of lipid compositions of halichondrid Demospongiae from boreal and warmer waters indicates an accumulation of brominated fatty
acids in sponges from colder settings. Moreover, the spatial distribution of brominated fatty acids in the sponge tissue of
one widely distributed sponge of the North-East Atlantic (Phakellia ventilabrum) hints to a function related to membrane fluidity and permeability rather than to defense against predation. However, brominated
fatty acids are diagnostic for the presence of bromoperoxidases in sponges and may therefore be potentially useful as markers
in a chemical screening for secondary metabolites of pharmacological interest. |
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