金沙江下游梯级电站开发影响区域的资源开发与产业可持续发展

金沙江下游是我国长江经济带的重要组成部分，也是西南地区生态建设和区域经济社会发展的中心。“西电东送”骨干工程的向家坝、溪洛渡、白鹤滩、乌东德四大水电站均分布在这一江段。通过对该区域资源开发和产业发展的现状、问题和发展前景进行分析，得到如下主要结论：（1）该区域农业资源丰富多样，矿产资源分布广泛且优势矿种地位突出，旅游资源待开发潜力巨大，但是资源开发却面临着勘探开发程度不够、浪费污染严重、资金交通制约和生态环境脆弱等几大问题；（2）区域产业经济发展迅速但总体水平低，部门结构中以种植业为主的农牧业占主导，林牧业和特色产业有待进一步开发，产业发展面临着部类和区域不均衡、结构矛盾突出以及效益低下等问题的困扰。在此基础上，提出该区域必须以梯级电站和水能开发为契机，切实抓好移民工作，立足资源优势，主打“特色”和“品牌”战略，经济效益和社会生态效益并重，寻找区域资源开发和产业可持续发展的道路。

RESOURCE EXPLOITATION AND INDUSTRY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE AFFECTED AREA OF STEP HYDRO-POWER STATIONS ALONGSIDE THE LOWER JINSHAJIANG RIVER

The lower Jinshajiang River region is one of the most important parts alongside the Yangtze River economy belt，and also the center of ecological construction and regional socio economic development in Southwest China.The four well known skeleton hydro power stations of West East Electricity Transmission Project，named Xiangjiaba，Xiluodu，Baihetan and Wudongde from the lower reaches of Jinshajiang River to upriver reaches，are all distributed in this area.Based on the analysis of the resource exploitation and industry sustainable development status，current problems and future scenarios，the main conclusions go as follows：(1) There are abundant and varied agricultural resources，widely distributed mineral resources with valuable predominant minerals，potential tourism resources，but some main problems such as lower level of exploration and development，serious waste and pollution，restraints of financing and transportation and eco environmental frangibility still call for immediate solution；(2) Regional economy develops fast but the overall level is low-farming and animal husbandry industries，in which crop plantation takes the main part，dominates in the sectional structure of economy，and forestry and specialty industries need to be further developed.The existed restraints such as unbalanced structural and regional economic distribution，acute structural deficiency and low economic efficiency need to be cleared out of the way to a sustainable future.At last，this paper brought forward that we should make full use of the chance of step hydro power stations' construction and hydro power exploitation，and should take the “characteristic” and “brand” strategy basd on the advantages of resources to find a sustainable way for resource exploitation and industry development in this special area.