典型农牧交错带山水林田湖草生态保护修复——以内蒙古岱海流域为例

典型的农牧交错带——岱海流域是我国“两屏三带”生态安全战略格局中北方防沙带的重要组成部分,也是京津冀地区生态屏障的重要组成部分,其生态环境保护意义重大。针对岱海流域独特的地理特征和生境状况,围绕着水量减小和生态退化两大核心问题,梳理了其水量、水质、水生态等方面的优先问题清单;以保障岱海流域生态安全为核心目标,按照优化生态空间管控与分区分类精准修复相结合的思路,构建了“一湖三区”的国土空间管控体系和“两增、两减、三平衡”的山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程体系,以期增强岱海流域生态服务功能,促进农牧交错带生态脆弱区域经济社会发展。

Research on the ecological protection and restoration of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland system in typical farming-pastoral ecotone: taking Daihai Lake Basin in Inner Mongolia as an example

Daihai Lake Basin, a typical farming-pastoral ecotone, is an important part of the northern sand control belt in China's “two screens and three belts” ecological security strategic pattern, as well as an important part of the ecological barrier in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, and its eco-environmental protection is of great significance. In view of the unique geographical characteristics and habitat conditions of Dahai Lake Basin, and centering on the two core issues of water quantity reduction and ecological degradation, the priority list of water quantity, water quality and water ecology was sorted out. With the guarantee of the ecological security of Dahai Lake Basin as the core goal, and in accordance with the idea of combining the optimization of ecological space management and control with the accurate restoration of zoning and classification, the land space management and control system of “one lake and three districts” and the ecological protection and restoration project system of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland of “two increases, two decreases and three balances” were constructed. It was expected to strengthen the ecological service function of Daihai Lake Basin and promote the socio-economic development of ecologically fragile areas in the ecologically fragile farming-pastoral ecotone.