新型灌浆添加剂的研究与开发

矿井火灾是煤矿的重大灾害之一 ,在我国造成了严重的经济损失和人员伤亡。黄泥灌浆是防止煤矿自然发火应用最广泛的技术之一 ,但存在着泥浆脱水性差、阻化效果不稳定、与民争地等不足之处。因此 ,笔者提出了一种新的改进方法 ,利用阻化剂技术 ,开展了灌浆添加剂的开发和研究工作 ,最终研制成功了以吸湿性无机盐为基料 ,以多种功能表面活性剂为辅料的新型灌浆添加剂。通过阻化实验、保水实验和堵漏风性能实验表明 :在泥浆中添加少量的该灌浆添加剂 ,可大幅度提高泥浆的阻化效果和保湿性能 ;而当泥浆中的添加剂浓度仅为 5 %时 ,泥浆的阻化率可达到 80 %以上。同时 ,含有该添加剂的泥浆 ,其堵漏风性能并无明显降低。

Study and Development of New Kind Grout Additive

Fire is one of the most serious calamities in coal mine, and brings about great economic loss and casualties in China. In practice, grouting is one of the most effective and widely used measures for preventing the coal spontaneous combustion. However, it still has some disadvantages such as less dehydration capability of slurry, unstable inhibitory effect and expensive in land use. Based on the inhibitory technology, a grout additive consisting CaCl 2 and MgCl 2 is developed which might solve the problem effectively. By inhibitory test, water preservation test, and leakage prevention test, it is concluded that the additive added grout might achieve much better inhibitory effect and preserve more water when 5 percent only of additive are added in the slurry. The inhibitory efficiency could be raised over 80%. And the addition of additive would not weaken the leakage prevention ability of the slurry.