我国土地资源利用的几个战略问题

我国人均资源占有量远低于世界水平,资源供应日益紧缺,并将成为经济发展的一个重要的约束条件。从土地资源的潜力来看,我国土地理论的最高人口承载量可能是15—16亿人,并在相当长的时期内将处于临界状态。关键在于控制人口的增长和在农业方面采取超常规的增产措施,特别是大幅度增加农业投入。我国土地生产潜力东部大于西部,粮食生产的重点应放在中部地带。20亿亩耕地是我国国土资源的精华所在,种植业的主攻方向应放在中产田,并大力加强我国九片商品粮基地的建设。林业建设的战略重点应尽快转向山区。牧业应发展饲料生产,开辟新的饲料基地。从总体看,应强调发展资源节约型的农业,以内涵挖潜为主,向生产的深度和广度进军。

SEVERAL STRATEGIC PROBLEMS OF LAND USE IN CHINA

The total amount of agricultural natural resources is large in China, but the per capita amount is relatively poor.According to the potential of the land, the highest population carrying capacity is 15 hundred million people and in a very long period of time the carrying capacity will be in a critical state.In China, the potential productivity of land is higher in the east and lower in the west. The key area for food production is in the middle part of the country. The present 20 hundred million Mu of cultivated land are the precious part of all the land resources and the land with medium yield deserves much attention We must strengthen the establishment of 9 cereal bases.The strategy of development of forestry must be that the emphasis is transferred to the mountainous areas.For the development of animal husbandry, new forage bases must be established.In short, it is essential for China to develop an economical type of agriculture which aims at making the best use of land resources.