基于产业投资视角的乡村旅游发展区域差异与形成机制

乡村旅游发展区域差异是乡村旅游投资空间不均衡的外在表现。新时代乡村振兴背景下乡村旅游投资不断增长,正加速影响乡村旅游发展空间格局与区域差异。在对比认识浙晋乡村旅游发展差异基础上,深入剖析了乡村旅游投资系统作用区域乡村旅游发展差异的深层机理。结果发现：（1）以乡村旅游精品线路为表征的浙晋乡村旅游发展水平和市场成熟度差异显著。（2）在乡村旅游投资“自然—产业—社会”环境中,产业基础环境对区域乡村旅游发展差异贡献最突出,是区域差异形成的核心要素,自然生态环境是基础,社会文化环境则发挥积极促进作用。（3）乡村旅游发展区域差异是不同乡村旅游投资环境引起区域乡村旅游投资收益预期和回报水平与乡村旅游发展路径及模式差异的结果。基于此,提出新时代乡村旅游投资IE-maps模式,以期促进区域乡村旅游协调发展和乡村振兴战略实施。

Regional differences and mechanism of rural tourism development in Zhejiang and Shanxi provinces: A study from the perspective of industrial investment

The regional differences of rural tourism development is the external characteristic of rural tourism investment (RTI) spatial imbalance. The paper compares and analyzes the spatial differences of rural tourism development systematically, taking Zhejiang province in the developed eastern region and Shanxi province in the underdeveloped region as the case study. And it deeply explores formation mechanism of regional differences in rural tourism development from the perspective of industrial investment, based on the regional different "natural-industrial-social" environments, to scientifically understand the process and mechanism of RTI influencing the industrial development. The results show that: (1) There are significant differences in development level and market maturity of rural tourism between Zhejiang and Shanxi, which are characterized by excellent rural tourism routes. The standard deviations of the excellent rural tourism routes are 3.30 and 7.15, respectively, reflecting that the development of industrial products has obvious advantages in Zhejiang, while Shanxi is still dominated by traditional rural tourism products. (2) There are also significant differences in the contribution level of "natural-industrial-social" environmental factors to RTI. The industrial basic environment is the most prominent to regional rural tourism development, the natural ecological environment is the basic foundation for regional rural tourism, and the social and cultural environment plays a positive role in promoting tourism development. (3) The spatial difference of rural tourism development is the result of the difference of regional RTI and its development environment. Affected by the difference of regional investment environment, the difference of rural tourism investment income and return expectation in different regions has been widened, and the choice of rural tourism development path and mode, forming the regional difference of rural tourism development. Finally, according to characteristics on the contribution of industrial investment environmental factors to the development of rural tourism, this paper puts forward the IE maps model of regional RTI, which can better promote development of regional rural tourism so as to implement the rural vitalization strategy.