流动性视角下的国土空间安全及规划应对策略

人员、物资、能源资源等要素在不同层级空间的频繁流动,持续重构人类活动与自然环境关系,并对国土空间安全产生影响。从流动性视角进行国土空间安全探讨,提出在活动承载安全、资源与生态安全基础上,应考虑要素流动与人类活动、资源环境的耦合性及其潜在风险。流动性与国土空间安全的关系可以从“流”空间与场所空间耦合、“供—流—需”协调与资源配置安全、要素流与国土空间系统韧性三个方面来表征。以生态、水、粮食、经济、社会等安全塑造为目标,立足于各类要素流对人地关系系统影响的不确定性,以及自然灾害、突发公共安全事件等极端条件下的流动性风险,通过合理引导资源配置、科学布局国土空间要素等手段,实现人类活动、自然环境系统之间的自适应与良性反馈调节,形成安全韧性的国土空间格局与框架。在国土空间规划中,需要进行要素流与国土空间开发保护的耦合协调性分析评价,建立“形”与“流”结合的国土空间结构优化分析方法,增强不同空间的功能弹性以适应要素流动和活动集聚的不确定性,建立供需协同的国土空间支撑体系。研究对提升国土空间可持续发展水平以及保障人类生存安全具有重要意义。

Territory spatial security and planning strategies from the perspective of mobility

Security is an important aspect for sustainable development of territorial space. It is also a crucial issue in planning, implementing, and supervision of territorial space. With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, people, goods, energy, resources and other factors flow more frequently in different regions, between urban and rural areas, and within urban spaces. The coupling relationships between human activities and natural resources have become more and more unstable, which exacerbates the risk of human survival. It is urgent to establish the territory spatial security framework faced with the uncertainty of human activity and elemental flows. This paper explores the security of territorial space from the perspective of mobility. On the basis of the safety of activities in different spaces and the safety of resources and ecology, we should consider the coupling of elemental flows, human activities, and resources and environment, as well as potential risks. The relationships between mobility and territory spatial security can be characterized from three aspects: the coupling of space of flows and space of places, the coordination among resource supply-flow-demand and the reconfiguration of resource, and elemental flows and the resilience of the territory spatial system. Towards safety goals of ecology, water, food, economy, society, and other elements, it is crucial to explore the uncertain impacts of various elemental flows on the man-land system and the mobility risks under extreme conditions such as natural disasters and sudden public safety incidents. It is also important to lead the self-adaptation and benign feedback adjustment between human activities and natural environmental systems through optimizing resource allocation and territory spatial layout. Thus, we proposed a framework of territory spatial security. In territory spatial planning, it is necessary to carry out the coupling coordination analysis with elemental flows and territorial spatial development and protection, to establish new analysis methods of territory spatial structure combining spatial forms and flows, and to enhance the functional flexibility of different spaces to adapt to the uncertainty of elemental flows and activity agglomeration, as well as to construct territory spatial supporting systems that synergize supply and demand. This study is of great significance for improving the sustainable development of territorial space and ensuring the safety of human survival.