兖州矿区采煤塌陷地状况与综合治理途径研究

通过对兖州矿区采煤塌陷地状况进行现状分析和趋势预测,结果表明,至2000年底,已累计塌陷土地5389.40hm₂;预计到21世纪中叶,兖州、济东2个煤田最终将形成两个塌陷中心,面积达4.4×104hm₂。这不仅使大面积农田被毁,造成生态失衡,而且给当地工农业生产以及社会和生态环境等方面带来一系列严重问题,应该彻底进行采煤塌陷地的综合治理。据此,根据矿区工农业持续协调发展的需要,从宏观和微观的角度,全方位提出了采煤塌陷地的综合治理途径。

A study on state and comprehensive control ways of subsided land of Yanzhou coal mining area in China

In this paper,the state and comprehensive control ways of subsided land of Yanzhou coal mining area in China are studied on the basis of analyzing the current situation and trend of subsided land and its problems,and the comprehensive control ways are put forward.The mining area of Yanzhou now has7production mines and2mines under construction.With an annual output exceeding30million t,it serves as the modernized coal production and the greatest coal export base of the country.To the end of2000,its subsided land amount had reached5389.40ha,and estimation s revealed two subsided land centers covering4.4×10 4 ha would be formed in the coal mines of Yanzhou and Jidong in the mid21st century.Land subsidence in Yanzhou coal mining area,brought a number of serious problems to lo-cal industrial and agricultural production,the society and ecological environment :(1)changed the existing topographical features of the earth's surface;(2)aggravated soil erosion of the earth's surface along with drop of soil quality of cultivated land;(3)made large subsided farmland out of production,caused the enormous loss to local agricultural production;(4)turned the subsided land into swampy land,destroyed the ecological environment seriously;(5)the peasant s lost land which they depended on for existence,the social instability factor in creased;and(6)the destruc-tion of infrastructure in the exploiting field made village movement more difficult.To facilitate harmonious sustainable development of industry and agriculture of Yanzhou coal mining area,namely,not only to guarantee the normal performance of coal production,but also tackle the problem of recla mation well after land subsidence,and it is necessary to integrate macroscopically and microscopically the comprehensive ways to control subsided land.The main countermeasures are identified as:(1)to work out the unitary scientific planning and adopt con-trol measures suitable to local conditions;(2)to combine subsided land control with movement of village associated with underground coal mines;(3)to implement land use system of"compen-sating with reclamation";and(4)to raising the harnessing funds through various channels and set up leading bodies of comprehensive control of subsided land.