废旧锌锰电池锌锰元素的分析表征

为了解废旧锌锰电池的锌锰元素特征,以废旧碱性(A-A)和酸性(Zn-C)电池为研究对象,采用化学分析、BCR连续萃取技术、SEM-EDS和XRD等手段对拆分的电池正、负电极材料中的锌锰元素进行了分析表征.实验表明:废旧碱性(A-A)电池中Mn、Zn分别占到正极材料质量的49.2%、10.3%,以Zn Mn2O4四方体锌锰矿结构晶体存在;Zn占负极材料的52.5%,以Zn O晶体存在;废旧酸性(Zn-C)电池混合电解质中,Mn、Zn各占41.8%和25.2%,分别以Zn Mn2O4、Mn O2、Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O和Zn(NH3)2Cl2等晶体存在.BCR处理结果显示,A-A电池正极和Zn-C电池混合电解质中,Mn主要为残渣态较难酸释,而A-A电池负极中的Zn易于回收.

Characterization of Zn and Mn in spent Zn-Mn batteries

The aim of this paper is to characterize Zn and Mn of spent alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries by using chemical analysis, BCR analysis, SEM-EDS and XRD analysis after having dismantled the batteries into the anode and cathode components. Experimental results have shown that, Mn and Zn accounted for 49.2% and 10.3% of the mass of anode material in spent alkaline batteries respectively, and they were present as hetaerolite (ZnMn₂O₄) in the tetragonal hausmannite-type structures. Zn accounted for 52.5% in the cathode material in the form of ZnO. In contrast, in spent zinc-carbon batteries, Mn and Zn accounted for 41.8% and 25.2% of the mass of hybrid electrolytes, and they existed in the form of ZnMn₂O₄, MnO₂,Zn₅(OH)₈Cl₂·H₂O and Zn(NH₃)₂Cl₂. BCR experiment indicated that Mn of anode material in alkaline batteries and hybrid electrolytes in zinc-carbon batteries were present almost entirely as residual which was difficult to extract by using acidolysis method; however, Zn of the cathode material in A-A batteries was liable to recycle.