城市生活垃圾固体替代燃料的制备技术及应用

针对城市生活垃圾等固废产生量日益增多、组分复杂，处置时易产生温室气体，对其有效管理和碳减排成为当前关注的热点。介绍了城市生活垃圾处理现状及国内外固体替代燃料标准，叙述机械生物处理技术中包含的生物干化、机械分选技术等工序，分析了固体替代燃料燃烧过程中存在的潜在问题，结合城市生活垃圾常规处理和机械生物处理工艺效果，获得机械生物处理后的固体替代燃料热值达到10 536 kJ/kg，比原生垃圾热值提升了3倍，且不需要添加辅助燃料进行燃烧。固体替代燃料在水泥、电力等行业应用能提高资源有效再利用，减少化石燃料的使用，对节约成本、保护环境以及推进我国垃圾分类和碳中和进程具有重要意义。

Preparation technology and application of solid recovered fuels from municipal solid wastes

Solid wastes such as municipal solid wastes (MSWs) are increasingly produced with complex components, and greenhouse gases are generated in the process of disposal, so the effective management of such solid wastes and the carbon emission reduction have become a hot topic of current concern.The current status of MSWs treatment and the standards of solid recovered fuels at home and abroad were introduced, the processes of biological drying and mechanical sorting technology included in the mechanical biological treatment technologies were described, and the potential problems in the combustion process of solid recovered fuels were analyzed. Combining the effects of conventional treatment and mechanical biological treatment of MSWs, the calorific value of solid recovered fuels after mechanical biological treatment was obtained to reach 10 536 kJ/kg, which was three times higher than the calorific value of virgin waste and did not require the addition of auxiliary fuel for combustion. The application of solid recovered fuels in cement and electric power industries could improve the effective reuse of resources and reduce the use of fossil fuels, which was important for cost saving, environmental protection and promoting the process of waste separation and carbon neutrality in China.