基于集合均方根滤波的太湖叶绿素a浓度估算与预测

叶绿素a浓度作为表征水质状况的重要参数之一,反映了水体富营养化程度和藻类含量,是决定水体的反射光谱特征的重要因素,也是水质遥感领域研究较多的一项水质参数.研究叶绿素a浓度的遥感定量反演可以为湖泊水质监测与评价提供新的思路和方法.本研究发展了一个基于集合均方根滤波和风生流的污染物扩散模型的数据同化方案,并结合2010年5月20日的太湖3个浮标观测站点的观测数据进行了同化实验.首先对太湖叶绿素a浓度进行同化估算,然后利用优化后的估算结果对太湖叶绿素a浓度进行了为期6 h的预报.在同化阶段,均方根误差分别从1.58、1.025、2.76降低到了0.465、0.276、1.01,平均相对误差也从0.2降低到了0.05、0.046、0.069.在预报阶段,均方根误差从1.486、1.143、2.38降低到了0.017、0.147、0.23,平均相对误差也从0.2降低到了0.002、0.025、0.019.结果表明,利用集合均方根滤波的数据同化方法可以有效地提高太湖叶绿素a浓度的估算与预报精度.

Estimation and Forecast of Chlorophyll a Concentration in Taihu Lake Based on Ensemble Square Root Filters

Chlorophyll a concentration is one of the important parameters for the characterization of water quality, which reflects the degree of eutrophication and algae content in the water body. It is also an important factor in determining water spectral reflectance. Chlorophyll a concentration is an important water quality parameter in water quality remote sensing. Remote sensing quantitative retrieval of chlorophyll a concentration can provide new ideas and methods for the monitoring and evaluation of lake water quality. In this work, we developed a data assimilation scheme based on ensemble square root filters and three-dimensional numerical modeling for wind-driven circulation and pollutant transport to assimilate the concentration of chlorophyll a. We also conducted some assimilation experiments using buoy observation data on May 20, 2010.We estimated the concentration of chlorophyll a in Taihu Lake, and then used this result to forecast the concentration of chlorophyll a. During the assimilation stage, the root mean square error reduced from 1.58, 1.025, and 2.76 to 0.465, 0.276, and 1.01, respectively, and the average relative error reduced from 0.2 to 0.05, 0.046, and 0.069, respectively. During the prediction stage, the root mean square error reduced from 1.486, 1.143, and 2.38 to 0.017, 0.147, and 0.23, respectively, and the average relative error reduced from 0.2 to 0.002, 0.025, and 0.019, respectively. The final results indicate that the method of data assimilation can significantly improve the accuracy in the estimation and prediction of chlorophyll a concentration in Taihu Lake.