南黄海冷水域35°N断面化学水文学特征及营养盐的季节变化

基于2006～2007年4个季度月的现场调查资料,研究了南黄海冷水域35°N断面化学水文学特征及营养盐的季节变化.结果表明,冬季,黄海暖流明显影响着断面东侧的水文状况,且垂直混合作用在深水域并未到达海底,使各要素在断面东西侧呈现出不同的分布状况,其西侧呈上下均匀分布,而东侧则表现为上层的垂直均匀分布状态和下层的梯度分布状态;春季,黄海暖流残留水的存在和青岛冷水团的出现是该断面上最显著的水文特征,上层海水增温和垂直对流作用的减弱也使水体稳定性逐渐增强,与冬季相比,断面深水域DO、pH和各营养盐等值线走势更趋于转向水平方向,且随"春华期"的到来,上层水体中的营养盐浓度较冬季也明显下降,并开始出现次表层叶绿素最大值现象;夏季,水体层化结构清晰,断面上存在强大的温跃层及黄海冷水团,并伴随有DO最大值和pH最大值现象,各项营养盐均呈上层低、下层高的趋势,且上层水体中的营养盐浓度较春季时又进一步降低,而跃层以下水体中的营养盐浓度较春季时则有明显升高;秋季,海面降温及垂直对流作用的加强使水体稳定性降低,但深水域水体的垂直交换依然不畅,且断面东侧下层水体中各项营养盐浓度比夏季有明显升高.本研究进一步揭示了混合和层化等主要物理过程对各要素垂向分布及其季节变化规律的影响机制.

Chemicohydrographic characteristics and the seasonal variations of nutrients at 35 degrees N transect in the cold water mass of the Southern Yellow Sea

Based on the four cruises during 2006-2007, the chemicohydrographic characteristics and the seasonal variations of nutrients at 35 degrees N transect in the cold water mass of the Southern Yellow Sea were analyzed. The results showed that: In Winter, hydrological conditions in the eastern part of the section was significantly influenced by the Yellow Sea Warm Current, and the vertical mixing in the deep water had not reached the bottom, which led to the different distribution of the elements in the eastern and western part of the section, the vertically uniform distribution was presented in the west and the upper water of the east, while the stratification structure was found in the bottom water of the east. In Spring, the Yellow Sea warm current residual water and the Qingdao cold water mass were the most obviously hydrological characteristics, and because of the increasing of the temperature in the upper water and the weakening of the vertical mixing, the stability of the water column increased gradually; compared with winter, the contour trend of DO, pH and nutrients in deep water transferred to the more horizontal direction, and with the arrival of spring blooming, the nutrient concentrations in the upper water decreased significantly, besides, the subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM) phenomena also began to emerge. In Summer, the section was influenced by the thermocline and the Yellow Sea cold water mass, which was accompanied with the maximum value phenomenon of DO and pH, in addition, the nutrient concentrations were low in upper water and high in bottom water, and compared with spring, the further reduction of the nutrient concentrations existed in upper water, but the nutrient concentrations were increasing dominantly in the water below the thermocline. In Autumn, with the decreasing of the temperature in the upper water and the enhancing of the vertical mixing, the stability of the water column decreased, but the vertical mixing in the deep water was still not smooth, and the nutrient concentrations in the bottom water of the east were higher than those in summer. This study further revealed the influencing mechanism of the mixing, stratification as well as other physical processes on the vertical distribution and its seasonal variations of the elements.