Lipid (energy) reserves,utilisation and provisioning during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development of deepwater chondrichthyans |
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Authors: | Heidi Pethybridge Ross Daley Patti Virtue Peter D Nichols |
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Institution: | (1) ACE-CRC/IMAS, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 77, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia;(2) CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia |
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Abstract: | We studied the lipid dynamics (lipid contents, classes and fatty acids) during oogenesis and early embryogenesis of 7 viviparous
and 3 oviparous deepwater chondrichthyans. Mature pre-ovulated ovarian follicles of all species were high in lipid content,
indicative of large energetic expenditure and high maternal investment. Larger lipid reserves were found in viviparous dogshark
(28–36% wet weight, ww) compared to oviparous chimaeras (19–24% ww) and catshark, F. boardmani (18% ww). Neutral lipids and monounsaturated fatty acids were the main source of lipidic energy during vitellogenesis and
gestation. For most species, there was a peak in total lipid content, levels of storage lipids and essential fatty acids at
time of ovulation. Interspecific variation of total lipid yolk reserves and lipid class profiles was largely explained by
differences in parity mode, reproductive (continuous vs. non-continuous oocytes development) strategy and depth-related physiological adaptations. Fatty acid profiles were less variable
among species with the most important fatty acids including: 16:0, 18:1ω9, 20:1ω9, 20:4ω6 and 22:6ω3. These findings provide
a greater biochemical understanding of different maternal-embryonic relationships among chondrichthyans, which can be used
as a baseline for subsequent comparative studies. |
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