东海区渔业资源的区域合作管理与共同养护

长期以来,东海区一直是中、日、韩三国海洋渔业的传统作业渔场。由于长期的过度捕捞,东海区的主要经济鱼类总体上已严重衰退,需紧急加以养护。东海区多数经济鱼类的洄游经过中、日、韩三国近海,养护与管理好该区的渔业资源,需三国共同参与,这也顺应了《联合国海洋法公约》的规定。长期以来,中、日、韩三国在东海区的渔业生产与管理中建立了比较密切的合作关系,为三国合作管理与共同养护东海区渔业资源奠定了良好的基础。由于目前东海区进行渔业资源的区域合作管理与共同养护还面临一些困难,因此,可以分近期和远期实施不同的区域合作管理与共同养护方案,近期实施以控制捕捞努力量为主体的管理方案,远期实施以总可捕量(Totalallowablecatch,TAC)制度为主体的管理方案。

Co-management and joint-conservation for the fishery resources in the East China sea area

China,Japan and Korea have exploited the fishery resources in the East China Sea area long time before,and the area is the traditional fishing ground for the three countries all the time.As over-fishing for a long time,the commercial stocks of the area have been declined in general,so some actions must be taken urgently to conserve the stocks.However,most of the fish-es in this area travel seasonally along the coastal lines of the three countries,therefore,the stocks shall be conserved successfully none but cooperation among the three countries.More-over,this also complies with the provision of the United Nations Convention on the law of the sea.The three countries have cooperated in the fisheries production and management for a long time,which provide a good foundation for co-management and joint-conservation to the fishery resources in the East China Sea area.Nevertheless,co-management and joint-conservation is still faced with some difficulties at present,so this paper proposes that different schemes should be practised in different phases,that is,the first priority is to control fishing efforts in the near fu-ture and to implement total allowable catch(TAC)system in the long term.