我国淡水中锌的水生生物水质基准和生态风险

选取了中国常见的5种本土生物物种作为受试物种进行锌的急慢性毒理学实验,并搜集整理了其他国内外已报道的锌对中国本土物种的毒性数据,推导出锌的淡水水生生物的短期和长期水质基准。结果表明:由物种敏感度分布法(SSD)推导出的短期基准和长期基准分别为102.33,25.03μg/L,由毒性百分数排序法推导出的基准最大浓度(CMC)和基准连续浓度(CCC)分别为105.94,38μg/L,两种方法得出的基准值无显著差异,最终选用物种敏感度分布法得出的基准作为我国淡水中锌的水生生物基准。另外,运用商值法对我国主要水体中锌的生态风险进行评价,发现锌对水生生物的生态风险逐年升高,尤其是铅锌矿区周围水体中锌的生态风险更应引起广泛关注。

WATER QUALITY CRITERIA OF ZINC FOR THE PROTECTION OF FRESHWATER ORGANISMS AND ITS ECOLOGICAL RISK IN CHINA

Five Chinese native species were selected to conduct acute and chronic toxicological experiments of zinc.The toxicity data of zinc were combined with existing data reported by other researchers to derive Chinese water quality criteria for the protection of aquatic organism.The results showed that the derived short-term and long-term water quality criteria for zinc using speices sensitivity distribution method were 102.33,25.03 μg/L,respectively.And the derived criteria maximum concentration (CMC) and criteria continuous concentration (CCC) using toxicity percentile rank method were 105.94,38 μg/L,respectively.There was no significant difference of the criteria values using the two method.Finally,the criteria values derived by species sensitivity distribution method were thought to be the water quality criteria of zinc to freshwater organism.In addition,the ecological risk of zinc in freshwater was assessed using quotient value method.The results showed that the ecological risk of zinc to freshwater organisms was gradually increased and should arise wide concern,especially for the lead and zinc mining area around.