Glaciochemical records from a Mt. Everest ice core: relationship to atmospheric circulation over Asia |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;3. CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;4. College of Earth Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;5. Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China;6. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730030, China;1. Department of Imaging and Applied Physics, Curtin University, GPO Box U 1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia;2. Centre for Ice and Climate, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark;3. Environmental Measurement and Analysis Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Environmental Research Complex, Kyungseo-dong, Seo-gu, Incheon 404-170, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea;5. Key Laboratory of Coast and Island development of Ministry of Education, School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;6. Department of the Environment, Australian Antarctic Division, Channel Highway, Kingston 7050, Tasmania, Australia;7. Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 80, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Glaciochemical records recovered from an 80.4 m ice core in the East Rongbuk (ER) Glacier (elevation: 6450 m) on the northern slope of Mt. Everest provide a reconstructing of past climate for the period AD 1846–1997. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis on the eight major ion (SO42−, Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, Cl−, NH4+, K+, and NO3−) time-series reveals inter-species relations and common structure within the ER glaciochemical data. The first two EOF series (EOF1-ions and EOF2-ions) are compared with instrumental data of sea level pressure (SLP) to demonstrate that the EOF-ions series display strong connections to winter (January) and summer (July) SLP over the Mongolian region. The positive relationship between EOF1-ions and the Mongolian High (MongHi) series suggests that enhanced winter MongHi strengthens the transport of dust aerosols southward from arid regions over central Asia to Mt. Everest. The close correspondence between EOF2-ions and the summer Mongolian Low (MongLow) indicates that the deeper MongLow, which is related to the stronger Indian Monsoon, contributes to a decrease in summer dust aerosols. Therefore, the ER ice core record comprises two assemblages of crustal species, each transported from different source regions during different seasons. EOF1-ions represents the majority of the crustal species and is related to winter atmospheric circulation patterns. These species are mainly transported from arid regions of central Asia during the winter dry season. EOF2-ions represents crustal species transported by summer atmospheric circulation from local/regional sources in the northern and southern Himalayas. |
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