Scanning and transmission electron microscope of suspended lead-rich particles in the air of San Luis Potosi,Mexico |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Kentucky, Center for Applied Energy Research, 2540 Research Park Dr., Lexington, KY 40511, USA;2. National Center for Earth and Environmental Nanotechnology (NanoEarth), Virginia Tech, 1991 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;3. Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;4. Subsurface Science and Technology Group, Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA;5. Department of Geology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA;1. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Department of Chemistry Sciences, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL 66451, Mexico;2. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), San Luis Potosí, SLP 78210, Mexico;3. Procuraduría General de Justicia del Estado de Nuevo León, Laboratorio de Química Forense, Criminalística y Servicios Periciales, Monterrey, NL 66451, Mexico;1. Coordenação de Análises Minerais, Centro de Tecnologia Mineral—CETEM, Av. Pedro Calmon 900, Cidade Universitária, CEP 21.941-590, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;2. Escola de Química, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Cidade Universitária, CEP 21941-909, Rio deJaneiro, RJ, Brazil;3. Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Cidade Universitária, CEP 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | In the city of San Luis Potosi exists an important metallurgical plant and is known that in the adjacent urban zone, there is a high concentration of lead in the air, it is also supposed that most of the particles with lead have an anthropogenic origin because these particles show morphological characteristics and chemical composition very different in comparison with common lead minerals. In this work it was proved that most of the airborne particles with lead present in this urban zone, effectively came from the copper smelter. The airborne particles with lead were compared with particles with lead obtained starting from samples of slag and lead calcine of the copper smelter. To perform the comparative study, these particles were studied with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDS) in conjunction with scanning electron microscope to obtain chemical composition and associated morphological characteristics. Results suggest that these particles, composed of only one phase, are chemically distinct from any crustal lead mineral. Because of the complexity of the chemical composition of these particles (Pb, S, Cu, As, Fe, Zn, Cd, Sb, O), some of the airborne particles were analyzed by transmission microscopy in order to associate crystalline structure with any particular chemical phase. |
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