基于WBS-RBS的突发事件应急资源需求匹配研究

针对突发事件的应急处置具有“情景依赖”这一特性，“情景-应对”方式可作为突发事件应急处置的首选指导方法，而应急资源作为应急处置的核心资源之一，其供给与需求的一致性是提高应急救援效率的关键因素，因此，提供符合灾害需求的应急资源配置，对于提升应急管理水平和应急救援效率具有重要意义。将项目管理理论中的工作分解结构（WBS）、资源分解结构（RBS）思想，融入突发事件应急处置中，将突发事件情景依据WBS分解成若干个由独立救援任务构成的集合，再针对具体的救援任务需求，提供相应的装备物资，构建基于WBS-RBS的突发事件应急资源需求匹配矩阵，进而为突发事件整体应急管理水平的提高，提供有益的参考和借鉴。

Research on matching of emergency resource demand based on WBS-RBS

Aiming at the characteristic of scenario dependence in emergency disposal, the "scenario-response" mode can be taken as the preferred guidance method of emergency disposal. As one of the core resources in emergency disposal, the consistency of supply and demand of emergency resource is the key factor to improve the efficiency of emergency rescue, so providing the allocation of emergency resource in line with the disaster demand is of great significance to enhance the emergency management level and the emergency rescue efficiency. The thoughts of work breakdown structure (WBS) and resource breakdown structure (RBS) in the project management theory were introduced into the emergency disposal. The emergency scenario was decomposed into a number of sets consisting of independent rescue tasks according to WBS, then the corresponding equipments and materials were provided aiming at the specific demand of rescue tasks, and a matching matrix of emergency resource demand based on WBS-RBS was constructed, which can provide a meaningful reference for improving the overall emergency management level.