泥质软弱破碎矿脉浅眼回采控制爆破试验研究

针对前河金矿泥质软弱破碎矿脉下向进路回采过程中超爆、上下盘围岩大面积垮塌、爆破后支护作业困难等问题，在总结分析软弱破碎岩体爆破特性的基础上，基于减震控制爆破基本理论，提出了“预留顶板充填体减震层、径向不耦合装药、控制边眼装药量、秒延期多段别控制起爆”等系列综合减震控制手段，据此分别针对Ⅳ级和Ⅴ级破碎岩体提出了2种具体的浅眼回采控制爆破技术方案，并进行了现场回采爆破试验。试验结果表明:所提出的2种方案均能够有效的控制回采边界，爆破后进路顶板充填体和上下盘围岩完整性良好，为后续采场出矿、支护等创造了有利的时空条件，且炸药单耗较原方案均有所降低。研究成果可分别在矿区范围内类似条件下推广应用。

Experimental study on controlled blasting of short-hole mining in argillaceous soft-fractured ore vein

In view of the problems such as the overbreak, the large-scale collapse of surrounding rock of hanging wall and footwall, and the difficult support operation after blasting during the downward drift mining process of argillaceous soft-fractured ore vein in Qianhe gold mine, on the basis of summarizing and analyzing the blasting characteristics of soft-fractured rock mass, a series of comprehensive vibration-reducing and control methods were put forward based on the basic theory of vibration-reducing controlled blasting, including the reserved damping layer of roof filling body in advance, the radial decoupling charge, controlling the charge quantity of side hole, and the controlled blasting with second delay and multiple segments, etc. According to these methods, two technical schemes about the controlled blasting of short-hole mining were proposed respectively for level Ⅳ and level Ⅴ fractured rock mass, and the field mining blasting tests were carried out. The result showed that both the two schemes could control the mining boundary effectively, the integrity of roof filling body and surrounding rock of hanging wall and footwall were good after the controlled blasting, which created the favorable temporal and spatial conditions for the subsequent ore-drawing and supporting operation, and the single consumption of dynamite decreased compared with the original scheme. The research results can be popularized and applied under similar conditions in the mine area.