Formulating and implementing climate change laws and policies in the Philippines,Mexico (Chiapas), and South Africa: a local government perspective |
| |
Authors: | Robert B. Kehew Mthobeli Kolisa Christopher Rollo Alejandro Callejas Gotelind Alber Liana Ricci |
| |
Affiliation: | 1. Climate Change Planning Unit , UN-Habitat , Nairobi , Kenya robert.kehew@unhabitat.org;3. Municipal Infrastructure and Services , South African Local Government Association , Pretoria , South Africa;4. UN-Habitat, Philippines Country Office , Makati City , Philippines;5. State of Chiapas, Ministry of the Environment and Natural History , Tuxtla Gutierrez , Mexico;6. Sustainable Energy and Climate Policy , Berlin , Germany;7. Climate Change Planning Unit , UN-Habitat , Nairobi , Kenya |
| |
Abstract: | Faced with the prospects of a changing climate, a small but increasing number of countries are developing legal and regulatory frameworks that explicitly address climate change. Moreover at least some of these laws and policies carve out substantial roles for local governments. The present paper surveys three countries from different regions in the Global South that have developed or are developing such laws and policies: the Philippines (Asia-Pacific), Mexico and more specifically its State of Chiapas (Latin America), and South Africa (Africa). It examines those experiences through two different lenses. The paper first reviews the steps by which those laws or policies were developed. For this review, criteria for effective consultative processes are proposed. The study then examines the three climate change laws or policies per se. To this end, a framework including four modes of multi-level urban climate governance (governing by regulation, governing through enabling, governing by provision, governing with representation and consultation) is utilised. The paper ends with synthetic conclusions as to which experiences represent promising practices, and what other lessons are relevant for countries embarking on such processes. |
| |
Keywords: | climate change legislation multi-level governance The Philippines Mexico South Africa |
|
|