Investigation of air pollution distribution in Linz: case studies to evaluate a K-type diffusion model coupled with a mass-consistent wind model |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore;2. Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China;3. Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China;4. Andlinger Center for Energy and Environment, Princeton University, 86 Olden St, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States;5. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway;6. State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;7. Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Ministry of Education of PRC), Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;8. State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing 210023, China;9. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China;10. School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen 100871, China;11. Department of Urban Planning and Design, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;12. School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;13. Senseable City Laboratory, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States;14. Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore;15. Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China |
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| Abstract: | An Eulerian diffusion model coupled with a refined mass consistent wind model is developed for the operational forecasting of pollution distribution in complex terrain. The model is evaluated for a city situated in complex terrain. The study is carried out for a 20×20 km2 area surrounding Linz, one of the industrial cities of Austria. The models are initialized with routinely measured meteorological parameters and topology information derived from the Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Four case studies, representative for major pollution episodes, are presented for model evaluation. The case studies include presence of a thermally induced wind system, presence of cold front an easterly southeasterly flow and a westerly–northwesterly flow. In presence of thermally induced wind systems, the flow field is most complex and existence of a shallow mixed layer with residual layer aloft enhances the pollution levels inside the city. Second case is used to study the development of pollution distribution inside the city in presence of low-level inversions and associated with low surface wind speeds. The low wind speeds in the surface layer lead to less mechanical generation of turbulence and lateral transport. The case studies of easterly and westerly flow fields are carried out to assess the capability of model under most frequently observed meteorological situations. The model is able to reproduce the pollution distribution near the slopes. There were over prediction inside the city in presence of thermally induced wind systems and is attributed to inadequate model physics during convective case. The present model setup is found to be a useful tool for the routine forecasting of pollution and could also be tested for other complex terrains. |
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