Oil Spill Modeling towards the Close of the 20th Century: Overview of the State of the Art |
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| Institution: | 1. SINTEF Applied Chemistry, Environmental Engineering, 7034 Trondheim, Norway;2. Alun Lewis–Oil Spill Consultancy, 121 Laleham Road, Staines, Middx, TW18 2 EG, UK;3. R.J. Fiocco Associates, 77 Pine Grove Avenue, Summit, NJ 07901, USA;4. Environmental Modeling Centre, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario KI9J0 7B8, Canada;5. Minerals Management Service, Alaska Region, Anchorage, USA;1. School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;2. School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;1. College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL 33705, United States;2. Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States;3. Earth, Ocean, Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States;1. College of Electromechanical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China;2. Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | The state-of-the-art in oil spill modeling is summarized, focusing primarily on the years from 1990 to the present. All models seek to describe the key physical and chemical processes that transport and weather the oil on and in the sea. Current insights into the mechanisms of these processes and the availability of algorithms for describing and predicting process rates are discussed. Advances are noted in the areas of advection, spreading, evaporation, dispersion, emulsification, and interactions with ice and shorelines. Knowledge of the relationship between oil properties, and oil weathering and fate, and the development of models for the evaluation of oil spill response strategies are summarized. Specific models are used as examples where appropriate. Future directions in these and other areas are indicated |
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