工艺过程危险有害因素辨识的研究

鉴于化工企业工艺过程的特殊性,笔者建议其危险、有害因素的辨识可以在直观经验分析法和系统安全分析法的基础上,结合危险和可操作性研究(HAZOP)的思想来进行辨识。笔者尝试性地给出了相关术语的说明、介绍辨识方法和操作程序,并分别从生产过程(包括化学反应、化工操作单元和物料输送)和工艺设备、装置角度,对其中的所包含的具体内容进行剖析,最后以电解过程举例说明,该方法可用于化工企业进行危险性因素辨识。

Study on Identification of Dangers and Hazards in Technological Process

In view of the characteristics of technological process in chemical plants,it is suggested that the identification of hazards and dangers in this kind of plants should be achieved by combining the method of HAZOP(hazard and operability study) on the basis of direct-viewing and empirical analysis and system safety analysis.In the paper,some related definitions,identification methods and analysis procedures about HAZOP are introduced and explained.Specific contents about HAZOP are dissected respectively from production process(including chemical reaction,operating units and material transfer) and technological equipment and installations.Finally,an example of electroplating process is given to illustrate this method.Result shows that this method is very helpful for the safety technicians in chemical plants to identify hazards in technological process.