FSRU作业过程火灾爆炸危险性评估研究

浮式储存和再气化装置（FSRU）运行过程中易导致火灾爆炸等事故的发生，为有效评估FSRU作业过程火灾爆炸危险性，采用火灾爆炸危险指数评估法，对运用FSRU的某浮式LNG接收终端进行危险性评估；选取LNG运输船与FSRU装料作业等9个单元，研究确定了一般工艺危险性系数、特殊工艺危险性系数、安全措施补偿系数等参数，得出了补偿前后的火灾爆炸危险性指数，有效评估了FSRU作业过程火灾爆炸危险性，并基于研究结果提出了保障FSRU作业安全的对策措施与建议。研究结果表明，安全措施补偿前，缘于LNG/NG本身的火灾危险性和数量较大，能量高度集中，LNG运输船与FSRU装料作业等单元的火灾爆炸危险等级均达到了“非常大”；在采取了一系列的安全措施补偿后，火灾爆炸危险指数降低了3/5左右。这对系统深入地研究FSRU作业安全具有较重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。

Study on hazard evaluation of fire and explosion in operation process of FSRU

The operation process of Floating Storage and Regasification Unit (FSRU) is easily to cause accidents such as fire and explosion. In order to effectively evaluate the hazard of fire and explosion in operation process of FSRU, the fire and explosion hazard index evaluation method was used to evaluate the hazard of certain floating LNG receiving terminal applying FSRU. Nine units, such as LNG carrier unit and FSRU charging operation unit etc., were selected, and the hazard index of fire and explosion before and after compensation were obtained. The hazard of fire and explosion in operation process of FSRU was evaluated effectively, then the countermeasures and suggestions for guaranteeing operation safety of FSRU were put forward based on the results. The results showed that before making safety compensation measures, due to the larger fire hazard and quantity of LNG/NG with a high concentration of energy, the hazard level of fire and explosion for several units, such as LNG carrier unit and FSRU charging operation unit etc., reached "very large". After making a series of safety compensation measures, the hazard index of fire and explosion reduced about 3/5. It has important theoretical significance and practical application value to systematically and deeply study the operation safety of FSRU.