基于双向算法的湖库允许纳污负荷量计算及案例

为了加强湖库流域水环境保护与污染负荷排放管理,支持湖库控制单元允许纳污负荷量的计算和污染负荷分配决策的制定,在总结国内外环境容量相关研究的基础上,针对现状水环境总量控制技术中允许纳污负荷计算与分配环节存在的问题,提出基于双向算法的湖库允许纳污负荷量计算方法.并以EFDC(environmental fluid dynamic code)水环境模型为核心,通过模型概化、参数率定等建模技术与方法的研究,利用估算与精算相结合的方法制定排污情景,并应用模型完成情景分析.应用多次情景试算、分析的方法,制定优化的排污情景,从而计算出湖库允许纳污负荷量.最后以辽宁省柴河水库为实证区进行方法的应用,证明了方法具备科学性与计算精度.

Calculation of Allowable Pollution Loads for Lake and Reservoir Based on Bi-direction Algorithm and Its Case Study

Based on the reviews and summaries of water environment carrying capacity researches and practices, the main problems of allowable pollutants load estimation and its allocation in China were analyzed. Then a bi-direction algorithm for allowable pollutants loads calculation was proposed to support the pollutants loads management in the lake and reservoir control units. It was the combination of forward algorithm and backward algorithm. The two major steps were modeling and scenario analysis. Firstly, the basic scenario was proposed using the estimation model. Then the basic scenario was analyzed using the water quality simulation model to assess the compliance of water quality objectives. The allowable pollutant loads were calculated after several loops of scenario simulation, result analysis and scenario optimization. Finally, the Chaihe Reservoir in Liaoning Province, China was used as a case study using Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code (EFDC) model as the kernel model. The results demonstrated that the algorithm proposed provided an efficient and appropriate methodology for allowable pollutant load calculation.