机车双司机驾驶行为可靠性研究

在人机系统可靠性理论与机车驾驶行为链的基础上,结合双司机作业特点,构建了基于感知、判断、操作元件及模块组的单司机及双司机驾驶行为模型。基于该模型,在确定单项器官元件可靠度测试与计算方法后,运用可靠性理论给出了功能模块可靠度、单司机驾驶行为可靠度、双司机驾驶行为可靠度模型,并对信息感知差系数、正副司机主次差系数等参数进行了分析和讨论,从而构建了一套较为完善的驾驶行为可靠性测试分析方法。最后对4组16名机车司机按事故与非事故组进行分时段连续测试与可靠度计算,其结果表明,双司机驾驶行为可靠性不仅决定于单司机驾驶行为可靠性,并且正副司机间的协调性密切相关,同时与作业时间呈凹函数分布。

Study on the Reliability of Double Locomotive Drivers'''' Driving Behavior

According to reliability theory of man-machine system and locomotive driving behavior chains, the locomotive single-driver's driving behavior model is set up based on perception, judgment, executive components and their modules, then the double-driver's driving behavior model is also established by integrating the characteristics of double-driver's driving behavior. According to the two models, the reliability of functional modules, single-driver's driving behavior and double-driver's driving behavior has been obtained by reliability theory after deciding the testing and calculating method for single component's reliability; some parameters, such as information sensing coefficient of deviation and the coefficient of deviation between the primary and deputy locomotive drivers, are analyzed and discussed. Thereby, a perfect method for the reliability test of driving behavior has been established. An example is given by choosing four pairs of drivers, who are divided into two groups of accident and non-accident, to be continuously tested on reliability in different periods of time, the results show that the reliability of double-driver's driving behavior not only relies on the one of single-driver's driving behavior, but also is related to the harmony between the primary and deputy locomotive drivers; the reliability of double-driver's driving behavior has a concave function distribution with working time.