安徽铜陵市生态安全评价研究

铜陵市是全国重要的有色金属生产基地,长期的矿业采冶和加工对城市生态系统构成了巨大的持续压力,生态安全问题凸显.因此,本文构建了城市生态安全评价指标体系和生态安全压力与响应指数模型,采用集对分析-可变模糊集综合分析方法,对铜陵市生态安全进行时序评价.评价结果显示,2000年以来,铜陵市生态系统一直处于较不安全、临界安全水平,安全等级总体较低.2003年作为分割时点,铜陵市的生态安全由较不安全上升至临界安全.压力和响应指数变化趋势反映了生态安全子系统间的作用机理,即2000年以来,铜陵市生态调控措施减缓了系统压力,而环境投入力度不够,致使生态安全在较低等级徘徊.影响系统安全的主要因子为生态环境压力综合因子、资源约束综合因子和环境投入响应综合因子.

Evaluation of ecological security in Tongling City,Anhui,China

Tongling city is an important production base of non-ferrous metals.Dramatic ecological pressures from long-term mining,smelting and processing have made eco-security a very serious problem.This study develops the evaluation index system and the urban eco-security pressure and response index model.Set Pair Analysis (SPA)-variable fuzzy set (VFS) comprehensive analysis method are adopted for timing evaluation on eco-security in Tongling city.Evaluation result shows that:1Since 2000,the ecosystem of Tongling city has been in less safety or critical safety level,the security level are generally low.As a turning point,eco-security improved from critical safety to less safety in 2003.2The change trend of pressure and response index reflected the eco-security mechanism between subsystems.Since 2000,ecological control measures in Tongling city reduced the system pressure,while because of the insufficient environmental resources,eco-security kept at the lower level.3Main factor affecting the security of the system is comprehensive factor of eco-environmental stress,comprehensive factor of resource constraints,and comprehensive factor of environmental input response.