太湖流域宜溧河酚类内分泌干扰物的空间分布及风险评价

以NP(nonylphenol,壬基酚)、4-t-OP(4-t-octylphenol,辛基酚)和BPA(bisphenol A,双酚A)为目标物质,研究酚类EDCs(内分泌干扰物)在太湖流域宜溧河地表水体和悬浮物中的空间分布特征及风险评价. 结果表明,太湖流域宜溧河地表水体中ρ(NP)、ρ(4-t-OP)和ρ(BPA)分别为156.2～434.0、11.8～19.4和89.8～353.8 ng/L,悬浮物中w(NP)、w(4-t-OP)和w(BPA)分别为520.0～9 818.2、52.0～454.5和39.0～2 454.5 ng/g. 流域内生活及工业污水排放可能是宜溧河流域水体中酚类EDCs的主要来源,ρ(NP)与ρ(NO₃-)呈显著正相关(R=0.860,P<0.01). 宜溧河水系中酚类EDCs在水相-悬浮物相的有机碳标准分配系数为4.14～6.41,表明悬浮颗粒物的吸附是水体中EDCs迁移的一个重要途径. 研究区域中NP、4-t-OP和BPA的入湖量分别为506、57.9和297 kg/a. 风险评价结果表明,该地区部分河段ρ(EDCs)具有潜在的生态风险. 

Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Typical EDCs in Yili River of Taihu Basin

Three phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals(EDCs), nonylphenol(NP), octylphenol(4-t-OP) and bisphenol A(BPA), were investigated to study their occurrence and distribution in the surface water and suspended solids of Yili River, a tributary of Taihu basin, China. The concentrations of the three EDCs in the surface water were 156.2-434.0 ng/L, 11.8-19.4 ng/L and 89.8-353.8 ng/L, respectively, while the concentrations of the EDCs in suspended solids were 520.0～9818.2 ng/g for NP, 52.0-454.5 ng/g for 4-t-OP and 39.0-2454.5 ng/g for BPA. The levels of all three EDCs in the dissolved phase were medium as compared with the results reported in other regions of the world. Domestic and industrial wastewater might be the main sources of the EDCs in the surface water of the Yili River basin in light of the significant correlation between NP and NO₃- concentrations(correlation coefficient(R) of 0.860(P<0.01)). Partitioning of the EDCs between the suspended solids and the dissolved phases showed the average standard partitioning of the three EDCs ranged from 4.14-6.41. This result indicated that adsorption of the EDCs in the suspended solids was important for controlling their fate in the basin. In addition, the fluxes of the sum of dissolved and particulate EDCs in the surface water were calculated based on the volume basis concentration of particulate EDCs. The results showed the calculated fluxes of NP, 4-t-OP and BPA from the Yili River to Taihu Lake were 506,57.9 and 297 kg/a. Assessment of the potential environmental risks of the EDCs suggested that more attention should be paid to the high concentrations of EDCs.