Urban Environmental Management in Botswana: Toward a Theoretical Explanation ofPublic Policy Failure |
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Authors: | ELISHA N TOTENG |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB00704, Gaborone, Botswana, BW |
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Abstract: | For the last three and half decades, Botswana has been widely acclaimed to be one of sub-Saharan Africa's longest and most
stable liberal democracies, coupled with and sustained by a growing economy. One of the major contradictions, however, within
this development scenario, has been the neglect of environmental problems in the country in general, and urban environmental
issues in particular.
Part of the problem fueling the misconception of environmental issues in Botswana is the state's domination of the country's
environmental agenda. This is linked to the power disjunction in decision-making and policy processes between state and nonstate
actors over the most appropriate course of action to tackle the problems. Without adopting appropriate analytical frameworks,
it is possible that the problem of urban environmental mismanagement in Botswana will persist. This article examines some
of the major urban environmental issues in Botswana from neighborhood, citywide, and urban–rural interface perspectives. Further,
the elite theory of public policy is used to explain constraints on policy change in the urban environmental management arena
in Botswana. |
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Keywords: | : Urban environmental management Environmental policy Decision-making Power Bureaucratic and administrative centralism Elite theory |
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