基于立体化开发的海域资源配置方法研究

随着海洋开发利用的深度和广度不断拓展，海域资源稀缺性日益凸显，不同产业用海矛盾不断加剧。海域资源立体化配置成为解决上述问题的有效手段，也是未来海域管理的重要任务之一。海域资源立体化配置以海域立体空间的分层和分配为重点，首先根据海域空间的立体属性，把海域空间分为水面上方、水面、水体、海床和底土五部分。其次，根据用海活动的需求，把用海主体占用的海域空间分为主要空间、附占空间和维护空间。最后，基于"空间排他性"原则，并综合考虑海域空间连续性、用海活动安全性、景观性及海洋环境质量等因素，对不同用海活动分层使用海域的可行性进行了判别和分析。

Research on methods of marine resources allocation based on three-dimensional development

As the marine exploitation and utilization are developing both in depth and breadth, the scarcity of marine resources is becoming increasingly prominent, which leads to growing sea-use contradictions among different industries.Marine resources allocation based on three-dimensional development becomes an effective method to solve these problems, which is also one of the crucial tasks of maritime management in the future.Marine resources allocation based on three-dimensional development focuses on stratification and distribution of marine three-dimensional space.Firstly, according to the attribute of the marine space, it can be divided into five parts including upper part of the sea surface, sea surface, water, sea-bed and subsoil.Secondly, the marine space occupied by the main sea-use units is divided into main space, secondary space and maintenance space in accordance with the demand of sea activities.Finally, the feasibility of using different stratification of marine space for different activities is assessed and analyzed based on the principle of "spatial exclusion", and other factors such as the spatial continuity of marine space, the safety of sea activities, the landscape and the quality of marine environment also being comprehensively considered.