赤潮藻类的适应与竞争策略

赤潮藻类的生活策略与赤潮发生的机理紧密相关。在漫长的自然进化过程中，赤潮藻类发展出一系列独特的生活策略以适应环境的变化。赤潮藻类可以在不良环境下形成孢囊以度过寒冷的冬季或者营养缺乏时期并在条件合适时萌发。甲藻可以通过主动迁移或者产生粘液的行为来适应水流和光照，甚至有时能够改变藻细胞周围的微环境。赤潮藻类采用多种营养方式如自养、异养或混养进行生长和繁殖，这对我们就赤潮与富营养化的关系的研究带来了全新的理解。赤潮藻类与其他生物存在复杂的相互关系，某些蓝绿藻可以与细菌或病毒共生，而有毒藻类也许可以通过抑制捕食或者植化相克为自身获利。最后，我们提出了赤潮藻类的形态结构上的不同也许可以解释某些生态策略的差异。

Adaptive and competitive strategies of red tide algae

Life strategies of red tide algae play the considerable roles in the occurrence of red tides. During long periods of natural evolvement, various life strategies have been developed to withstand the changes of environment. To survive during cold winters or nutrient-depleted periods, the red tide algae form cysts under unfavorable conditions and germinate when the environment favors. Dinoflagellates can swim or secret mucus to dampen turbulence, even to affect the microenvironment surrounding the cells of harmful algae. The red tide algae can employ different trophic strategies, such as autotrophy, heterotrophy and mixtrophy, which might give us a new understanding about the relationship between HABs and eutrophication. Certain species of blue-green algae can co-exist with bacteria and virus. Toxic algae might benefit through inhibiting grazers or allelopathy. Finally, we argue that differences of some life strategies of the red tide algae might be partly caused by their different morphological characteristics.