山西省城乡统筹发展效率的DEA分析

基于2009年山西省11个地级市城乡统筹发展的面板数据,运用数据包络分析（DEA）评价了各区域的城乡统筹发展效率,对其空间差异变化特征与规律进行了分析。结果表明,山西省城乡统筹发展效率总体上呈＂中部较高,普遍分化＂的分布特征,并存在两大＂DEA有效＂集群。自改革开放以来,山西省逐渐形成了中、东、西三大经济地带,即中部盆地区、东部山地区和西部高原丘陵区。规模效率是当前制约山西省城乡统筹发展综合效率的主要方面。全省普遍存在投入冗余现象,可通过优化环境、产业结构高级化、突出特色产业、提升产业技术、提高劳动力素质和城市化水平等途径来提高区域的城乡统筹发展效率。各区域之间城乡统筹发展效率的空间差异显著;对2009年山西省11个地级市进行相对效率分析,得出相对有效值为1的城市居多,北部朔州市和南端运城市相对效率差异明显,最后提出了相关政策建议。

Coordinative Development Efficiency of Urban and Rural Areas and Its Spatial Difference in Shanxi Based on DEA

The relationship between urban and rural areas was a focus for regional research for a long time.They consisted of two sub-systems of region by the interrelation and interaction of multi-element.This paper evaluated the coordinative development efficiency of urban and rural areas and analyzed its spatial difference in Shanxi based on DEA.The result illustrated that the spatial pattern of coordinative development efficiency of urban and rural areas comprehensive level in Shanxi was more advanced in west region than east region and it existed two ＂DEA efficiency＂ poles.Comprehensive efficiency was mainly restricted by scale efficiency.Obvious input redundancy phenomenon existed in most areas of Shanxi,which could be solved by improving the environment,the industry structure and technique,the labor quality and the urbanization standard.There was a prominence spatial difference between region development and the two-side club（high level club and low level club）convergence existed in coordinative development of urban and rural areas in Shanxi.It proved that DEA analysis could reveal coordinative development efficiency of urban and rural areas and its spatial heterogeneity more distinctly,which provided a good reference for the evaluation and analysis about coordinative development of urban and rural areas.