Measurements and modeling of reactive nitrogen deposition in southeast Brazil |
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Authors: | Allen A G Machado C M D Cardoso A A |
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Institution: | a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of São Paulo, CP 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil b Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Campus Universitário, Coroado I, Manaus, AM, Brazil |
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Abstract: | Increased reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition due to expansion of agro-industry was investigated considering emission sources, atmospheric transport and chemical reactions. Measurements of the main inorganic nitrogen species (NO2, NH3, HNO3, and aerosol nitrate and ammonium) were made over a period of one year at six sites distributed across an area of ∼130,000 km2 in southeast Brazil. Oxidized species were estimated to account for ∼90% of dry deposited Nr, due to the region’s large emissions of nitrogen oxides from biomass burning and road transport. NO2-N was important closer to urban areas, however overall HNO3-N represented the largest component of dry deposited Nr. A simple mathematical modeling procedure was developed to enable estimates of total Nr dry deposition to be made from knowledge of NO2 concentrations. The technique, whose accuracy here ranged from <1% to 29%, provides a useful new tool for the mapping of reactive nitrogen deposition. |
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Keywords: | Reactive nitrogen Dry deposition Nitric acid Nitrogen dioxide Agriculture |
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