2012~2019年北京市储油库VOCs去除及排放水平变化监测分析

汽油储油库是城市挥发性有机物（VOCs）的重要来源之一,为减少VOCs排放,北京市于2006年开始推动储油库安装油气回收装置,每年监测储油库VOCs排放情况.分析了2012~2019年北京市储油库VOCs排放变化特征,发现2012~2019年北京市储油库VOCs进口浓度经历下降-上升-下降历程,2019年进口平均浓度为165.3 g·m^-3;出口浓度趋于下降趋势,2019年出口平均浓度为7.3 g·m^-3;北京市储油库VOCs去除效率总体趋于稳定,为45.5%~100%.但在油气回收装置出口排放浓度达标率大幅提高的同时,出现了储油库回收装置去除效率反而下降现象.因此,提出加强过程管理,增加检查油气回收装置的运行年限和检查维护保养记录,并将去除效率指标纳入管控范畴,执行"双指标"达标要求等建议.为未来制定储油库精细化管理措施,进一步改善大气环境质量提供科学依据.

VOCs Removal and Emission Monitoring of Beijing Bulk Gasoline Terminals in 2012-2019

Bulk gasoline terminals are an important emission source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cities. Beijing started to promote the installation of oil and gas recovery devices at oil storage terminals in 2006 to reduce VOCs emissions, since then VOCs emissions from the terminals have been monitored by the municipal government every year. This paper analyzes the VOCs emission characteristics of oil storage terminals in Beijing from 2012 to 2019. We found that the VOCs import concentration was 165.3 g·m^-3 in 2019 and had experienced a decline-rise-decline pattern during 2012-2019. The emission concentration was 7.3 g·m^-3 in 2019 and had declined continuously during the preceding eight years. The removal efficiency of VOCs of the gas recovery devices tended to be stable and ranged from 45.5% to 100%. Although the emission concentration had decreased significantly, the removal efficiency of the recovery unit at the oil storage terminals had decreased. Therefore, this paper proposed to strengthen process management, the inspection of the service life of the oil and gas recovery units, and check and maintain records. In addition, the removal efficiency index should be included in the scope of law enforcement and "double index" requirements should be implemented This paper will provide a scientific basis for the future development of atmospheric improvement measures.