复杂岩溶条件下锰矿尾矿库地下水溶质运移特征数值模拟研究

受构造、地层等复杂地质情况综合影响的岩溶地区地下水,其溶质运移及流场模拟向来是水文地质、环境地质研究中的难点。以贵州省松桃县某锰矿尾矿库为例,在充分分析研究区周边水文地质、环境地质条件的基础上,建立地质模型,概化边界条件,利用有限元软件FEFLOW进行流场拟合。在此基础上,模拟特征污染物锰及氨氮的弥散情况。模拟结果表明,在不做任何防渗处理的情况下,特征污染物将在F201断层、地层产状等边界条件的影响下汇入地下暗河,最终流入地表水系及地下水系,流向东部的松江河。因此,必须对锰矿尾矿库采取防渗措施,从而降低其对地下水、地表水的污染风险。

Numerical Simulation of Solute Transport Characteristics in Groundwater of Manganese Tailings Reservoir Under Complex Karst Conditions

The solute transport and flow field simulation of groundwater in karst areas affected by complex geological conditions,such as structure and strata,have always been difficult in hydrogeology and environmental geology.Based on the analysis of hydrogeology and environmental geology around manganese slag field in Songtao County,Guizhou Province,a geological model is established,which the boundary conditions are generalized,and the dispersion of characteristic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen are simulated by using the finite element software FEFLOW.The simulation results show that without any anti-seepage treatment,the characteristic pollutants will flow into the underground river under the influence of the boundary conditions such as F201 fault and formation occurrence,and eventually into the surface water and ground water system to the eastern Songjiang River.It is necessary to take anti-seepage measures to manganese tailings reservoir,so as to reduce the risk of groundwater and surface water pollution.