成渝地区大气污染生命统计价值评价研究——基于单边界二分式的条件价值法

大气污染生命统计价值是进行大气污染造成的人体健康损失核算和大气污染防治政策成效评估的关键指标。本文运用条件价值方法的单边界二分式函数模型,对成渝地区降低大气污染健康风险的平均支付意愿和生命统计价值进行了计算。主要结论如下:①成渝地区大气污染的平均支付意愿是1974.2元,生命统计价值为394.8万元。其中,四川部分地区和重庆地区的生命统计价值分别为402万元和392.8万元。②性别、家庭年收入和自我认知的身体健康状况等指标对平均支付意愿影响较大。③在生命价值评估方法中,国内普遍使用人力资本法,而国外主要使用条件价值法。条件价值法计算的生命统计价值高于人力资本法计算的结果,但与发达国家相比,我国成渝地区的生命统计价值相对较低。

Assessing the Value of a Statistical Life of Air Pollution in ChengduChongqing Area by Contingent Value Method with Single Bounded Dichotomy

Value of a statistical life in air pollution is the key index to calculate the loss of human health caused by air pollution and to evaluate the effectiveness of air pollution prevention and control policies.In this paper,the contingent value method with single bounded dichotomy function model is used to evaluate the average willingness to pay and the value of a statistical life in Chengdu-Chongqing area of China.The main conclusions are as follows:①The average willingness to pay for air pollution in Chengdu and Chongqing area is 1974.2 RMB,and the value of a statistical life is 3.948 million RMB.The value of statistical life in some areas of Sichuan is 4.02 million RMB and Chongqing is 3.928 million RMB.②Indicators such as gender,annual family income and self-perceived health status have a greater impact on the average willingness to pay.③Among the life value assessment methods,the human capital method is widely used in China,while the contingent value method is mainly used in foreign countries.The value of a statistical life is higher than that calculated by human capital method,but compared with developed countries,the value of a statistical life in Chengdu-Chongqing area is relatively low.